扎德简介
拉特飞扎德（Lotfi A. Zadeh，1921～ ）美国自动控制专家，美国工程科学院院士。1921年2月生于苏联巴库。 1949年获哥伦比亚大学电机工程博士。现任伯克利加利福尼亚大学电机工程与计算机科学系教授。因发展模糊集理论的先驱性工作而获电气与电子工程师学会(IEEE)的教育勋章。Lotfali Askar-Zadeh (Azerbaijani: Ltfli sgrzad, Persian: , born February 4, 1921), better known as Lotfi A. Zadeh, is a mathematician and computer scientist, and a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley.
基本资料
Lotfali A. Zadeh in 2004
Born February 4, 1921 (1921-02-04) (age 88)
Baku, Azerbaijan SSR
Residence United States
Nationality Iranian, American
Ethnicity Azeri
Fields Mathematics
Institutions U.C. Berkeley
Alma mater Columbia University
Known for Founder of Fuzzy Mathematics,
fuzzy set theory, and fuzzy logic
Notable awards IEEE Medal of Honor, ACM Fellow
拉特飞扎德的贡献
扎德在控制理论方面有重要贡献。
1949年他在关于时变网络频率分析的博士论文中引入的时变变换函数的概念，后来成为线性时变系统分析的工具。
1950～1952年他和J.拉加齐尼合作，推广了维纳预测理论，在设计有限存储滤波器和预测器中得到广泛应用。他们发展的采样控制系统的Z变换逼近,成为分析这类系统的标准方法。
1953年他给出一种设计非线性滤波器的新的逼近方法。
1963年他和 C.A.德舍尔合著的《线性系统的状态空间理论》是该领域的经典著作。书中介绍的状态空间逼近已成为最优控制中的标准工具，广泛用于工业机器人和社会经济系统。
1965年，扎德在《信息与控制》杂志第8期上发表《模糊集》的论文,引起了各国数学家和自动控制专家们的注意。他通过引进模糊集（边界不明显的类）提供了一种分析复杂系统的新方法。他提出用语言变量代替数值变量来描述系统的行为，使人们找到了一种处理不确定性的方法，并给出一种较好的人类推理模式。20年来他所开创的模糊集领域得到了迅速发展。
获得奖项
In 1994 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. He was awarded the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1995 For pioneering development of fuzzy logic and its many diverse applications.Zadeh has a long list of achievements, including
In 1993 Azarbaijan bestowed him an honorary Professorship from the Azarbaijan State Oil Academy.
but the awards Zadeh has received since 2003, include:
Outstanding Contribution Award, Web Intelligence Consortium (WIC), Halifax, Canada, 2003.
Wall of Fame, Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (HNF), Paderborn, Germany, 2004.
Civitate Honoris Causa, Budapest Tech Polytechnical Institution, Budapest, Hungary; Sept. 4, 2004.
Doctor Honoris Causa, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Japan; Oct. 29, 2004.
Doctor Honoris Causa, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; Nov. 9, 2004.
V. Kaufmann Prize and Gold Medal, International Association for Fuzzy-Set Management and Economy (SIGEF), Barcelona, Spain, Nov. 15, 2004.
Foreign member of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 2005.
Nicolaus Copernicus Medal of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 2005.
J. Keith Brimacombe IPMM Award in recognition of his development of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic, 2005.
Doctor Honoris Causa, Universidad Politcnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Jan. 29, 2007.
Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award
Doctor Honoris Causa, Ryerson University, Toronto , Ontario, Canada; June 10 2008.
Zadeh's most recent recognition comes from The Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. Lotfi Zadeh receives the 2009 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering for inventing and developing the field of fuzzy logic, in which a system applies a quantitative assessment to inherently ambiguous ideas, thus providing a new paradigm to improve artificial intelligence and automated control systems.
出版作品
Zadeh wrote several articles. A selection:1965. Fuzzy sets. Information and Control. 1965; 8: 338353.
1965. Fuzzy sets and systems. In: Fox J, editor. System Theory. Brooklyn, NY: Polytechnic Press, 1965: 2939.
1972. A fuzzy-set-theoretical interpretation of linguistic hedges. Journal of Cybernetics 1972; 2: 434.
1973. Outline of a new approach to the analysis of complex systems and decision processes. IEEE Trans. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1973; 3: 2844.
1974. Fuzzy logic and its application to approximate reasoning. In: Information Processing 74, Proc. IFIP Congr. 1974 (3), pp. 591594.
1975. Fuzzy logic and approximate reasoning. Synthese, 1975; 30: 407428.
1975. Calculus of fuzzy restrictions. In: Zadeh LA, Fu KS, Tanaka K, Shimura M, editors. Fuzzy Sets and their Applications to Cognitive and Decision Processes. New York: Academic Press, 1975: 139.
1975. The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning, I-III, Information Sciences 8 (1975) 199251, 301357; 9 (1976) 4380.
About Lotfi Asker Zadeh
Fuzzy Sets and Systems. The main journal of the field which contains many contributions by its founder.
Zadeh : From computing with numbers to computing with words from manipulation of measurements to manipulation of perceptions in International Journal of Applied Math and Computer Science, pp. 307324, vol. 12, no. 3, 2002.
Fay Zadeh. My Life and Travels with the Father of Fuzzy Logic. 1998, TSI Press, Albuquerque, NM.
模糊数学模型
描述和处理现实世界模糊性数量关系的数学分支，称为模糊数学。模糊数学诞生于1965年，创始人是美国加利福尼亚大学自动控制专家扎德（Lotfi Zadeh）教授，他在第一篇论文模糊集合（Fuzzy Set）中，引入了隶属函数这个概念来描述差异的中间过渡问题。经过近30年的发展，模糊数学在理论和应用方面均已取得很大成果。随着科学的发展，研究对象越来越复杂，而复杂的东西难以精确化的。这种矛盾随着电子计算机的发展而日益激化。一方面是严密的程序要求高度的精确；另一方面，机器所执行的任务更加复杂，必然涉及到大量的模糊概念。这就是大系统出现所带来的突出矛盾。 以至使许多科技工作者从实践中总结出来一条所谓不相容原理当一个系统复杂性增大时，我们使它精确化的能力将减少，在达到一定阈值（限度）之上时，复杂性和精确性将相互排斥。从某种意义上来说，模糊数学是架在形式化思维和复杂系统之间的一座桥梁，可以把多年积累起来、形式化思维的数学成果应用到复杂系统中去，并通过少量的信息而得到大量的成果。
大量事实表明，许多事物过分追求精确反倒更模糊，适当地模糊反而可以达到精确的目的。模糊数学不是让数学放弃其严格性去迁就研究对象的模糊性，而是让数学吸取人脑对于模糊现象识别和判决中的优点，用精确的数学方法去处理模糊的现象，从而为数学的运用开辟了新的方向。模糊数学同样具有数学的共性：条理分明、一丝不苟，即使描述模糊概念（现象）也会描述的清清楚楚。
在人类社会和各个科学领域中，人们所遇到的各种量大体上可以分为两大类：确定性的和不确定性的，而后者又可分为随机性和模糊性对于现实世界中大量使用的一些含义确定但是不准确的语言表述，例如天气很热，速度过快等，模糊数学能够较好的表达。
模糊数学有几种不同的名称，例如模糊集，模糊逻辑，模糊控制等。模糊数学是一种更广泛地称呼，用来指采用了模糊数学的思想和理论的方法或系统，而其中采用的一些技术往往称为模糊技术或模糊方法。在应用中我们不严格区分这些说法。
模糊数学在实际中的应用几乎涉及到国民经济的各个领域及部门。农业、林业、气象、环境、地质勘探、医学、军事、经济管理等方面都有模糊数学成功的应用。在地理学中，模糊数学主要用于分类和综合评判问题。
外部链接编辑本段回目录
- Oral history interview with Lotfi A. Zadeh, Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.
- Berkeley Commencement Speech: Commercialism and Human Values: When You Can't Stop for Lunch in Azerbaijan International - AZER.com
- Lotfi Zadeh Reflects Upon his Childhood, Azerbaijan International, Winter 1999.
- Academic profile Berkeley, University of California
- IEEE: Zadeh
- Honorary Chair and Keynote Speaker, ICCCC 2008, A conference dedicated to the Centenary of John Bardeen
- Lotfi Asker Zadeh at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- 1965 seminal work on Fuzzy Sets
参考文献
http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/扎德http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotfi_Asker_Zadeh